Rational:

 

Global market: The epoxy oil from vernonia seed has the largest demand reaching close to 10 billion dollar global industry. Approximately 325,000,000 gallons of alkyl-resin(oil based) paints are produced in the united states each year. A unique epoxy molecule from Vernonia Galamensis Var-ethiopica has been found to have multiple industrial applications including plasticizers and stabilizer for plastic formulation, coating material, perfume and medicine, lubricant for mechanical components, ingredient for ink formulations, pesticide and insect repellant and pharmaceutical applications. The current oil used  by paint industries are the major source of volatile organic compounds (VOC), pollutants of the environment. The volatile organic emission, in the presence of solar radiation, causes photochemical smog, ozone layer and subsequently leading to a catastrophic level of Global Warming . One pint of vernonia in each gallon of paint to reduce VOC by at least 160,000,000 pounds per year. The low viscosity of vernonia oil would allow it to be used as a nonvolatile solvent in oil-based paints since it will become incorporated in the dry paint rather than evaporating into the air. Consequently, it is possible that emissions associated with photochemical pollution can be reduced by up to 160 million pounds per year if this crop is fully exploited. Vernonia could also serve as a natural source of plasticizers and stabilizers (binders) for producing polyvinyl chloride (PVC plastic), which currently is manufactured from petroleum. The potential use of vernonia as a petroleum substitute is important since the demand for petroleum each year in the USA is approximately 8,500 pounds per person, of which about 500 pounds per person is needed for production of plastics and industrial petrochemicals. Some vernonia species have been reported to have medicinal properties. List of vernonia oil applications and Patents have continued to grow including:

 

• Solvent for paint formulation

• Coating material

• Plasticizer and stabilizer for plastic formulation

• Reagent for organic synthesis

• Reagent for the synthesis of industrial chemical 

      (e.g., monobasic acid, dibasic acids, oxoacids etc.

• Perfume and Medicines

• Reagent for the synthesis of rubber like material

• Lubricant in mechanical components

• Ingredient for ink formulation

• Pesticide and insect repellent

• Varnishes

• Bearing Oils

• Slow release agent for Pharmaceutical drug

• Wound healing

• vesicles" to carry drugs across the blood-brain barrier

• Adhesive resin

• Effective against malaria

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